Search engines are inseparable from the way most users use the Internet today. Google, the most popular in the world, has even given rise to a verb to refer to the action of searching for information on the Internet.
Google was founded in 1998 with $100,000. In mid-1999, it received a $25 million capital injection from two venture capital funds, at a time when it was processing more than 500,000 searches a day . At the time, Netscape was worth more than Microsoft, Yahoo had been listed on the stock exchange for two years, and Amazon had increased its sales by 300% compared to 1997.
The company did not spend anything on advertising or marketing. It did not plan to immediately list on the stock exchange or increase its capital further. It simply limited itself to developing a good product and relying on word of mouth to make it known. It avoided growing and expanding to become a portal full of content and services like Terra, Excite or Altavista.
It achieved financial profitability in late 2001 as it focused on improving and expanding the products it developed, accumulating awards and becoming the world’s first and most admired search engine, without spending a dollar on advertising. In August 2004, it went public , with the Board of Directors retaining a large portion of the shares.
Today, it processes almost 100,000 searches per second and holds a market share of almost 80%. The rest of the search engines trying to compete with Google are close behind: Bing (11.8%), Yahoo (3.1%), Yandex (2.7%), DuckDuckGo (0.8%), Naver (0.5%), and others (1.5%), according to data from 2024 .
The price of using Google
Their products allow integration between all of them, facilitating the management of the usual operations of users and companies: email , storage, calendar, videos, etc. Apparently, they are all free, although there are known cases of violation of privacy and illegal transfer of data.
The cost to users is the concentration and exposure of their personal data and the use of it for advertising purposes – with revenues exceeding $84 billion in the second quarter of 2024 .
In this regard, there are countries (Austria, France, Denmark , Norway, Italy) that have prohibited the partial use of some Google products (Analytics, Workspace and Chromebook) for violating the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
Ecosystem to capture the user
Now, is it worth stepping outside the Google universe ? The tech giant is great at offering convenience and productivity with the use of its products; there are no apparent reasons to switch and adopt products or services from competing companies.
For example, you can use Google’s Chrome browser to search for information. You can then send links to what you’ve found via Hangouts or Gmail. You can then store files in Google Drive and use Google Docs or Sheets to collaborate with others, while holding a virtual meeting in Google Meet, sharing photos via Photos, and scheduling your next meeting in Google Calendar.
There are other services and functions offered by Google (more than sixty) that come together to keep the user within the ecosystem and thus extract maximum value, all managed with a single account and password.
Giant’s Faults
Just because it’s the largest doesn’t make it the best search engine, considering aspects such as social and environmental awareness or privacy. When searching for information from non-Western and non-English speaking countries or markets, Google may not meet users’ expectations, as certain websites may not be indexed or because the data it provides does not go beyond the 16-month life of the websites.
It is therefore necessary to know what are the main alternatives for similar services that exist in the digital environment. The concentration proposed by Google must be questioned, allowing the development of new services that promote free competition in the market .
There are options
Below are some other options that can be analyzed and evaluated to see if they fit the needs of users and companies. It is also important to note that the emergence of artificial intelligence tools is changing the traditional definition of internet search engines.
There is no question that Google has achieved great success in establishing itself in the market. Users have decided to accept most of the solutions offered based on their needs and convenience. However, it is also their responsibility to be aware of the price they pay when accepting the terms of service and the hidden cost of free applications – our privacy.
- Alternative internet search engines to Google Search: Bing, DuckDuckGo, Kagi, Ecosia, Brave, Firefox.
- Alternative email services to Google Mail: ProtonMail, Tuta, Mailfence, Outlook.
- Alternative cloud storage to Google Drive/Cloud: Tresorit, Arsys, Sync.com, Nextcloud, iCloud, Dropbox.
- Integrated alternative tools to Google Workspace: Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint), Zoho Office, LibreOffice, CryptPad.
- Alternative Shopping Platforms Google Shopping: Amazon, eBay, Etsy.
- News (Google News): Flipboard, Feedly, Apple News.
- Alternative video platforms to YouTube: Vimeo, Twitch, Dailymotion.
- Alternative maps to Google Maps: OsmAnd, Waze, Mapbox.
- Alternative data analytics to Google Analytics: Matomo, Fathom Analytics, Publytics.
Author Bio: Gustavo Porporato Daher is Professor of Financial Economics and Accounting at the Autonomous University of Madrid